Introduction

Life sequencing instruments are the latest technological advancements in the field of genomics. They are designed to sequence DNA and RNA with high accuracy, speed, and precision. The principle behind the life sequencing instruments is based on the detection of nucleotides that are incorporated during the DNA synthesis process. The nucleotides are labeled with fluorescent dyes that emit different wavelengths of light, which are detected by the instrument's sensors. In this article, we will discuss the principles of life sequencing instruments and focus on the thermofisher sequencing instrument.

Sequencing by Synthesis (SBS)

Sequencing by synthesis (SBS) is the most common method used in life sequencing instruments. It involves the incorporation of nucleotides into a growing DNA strand during the synthesis process. The nucleotides are labeled with fluorescent dyes that emit different wavelengths of light, which are detected by the instrument's sensors. The instrument then records the sequence of the nucleotides based on the order in which they were incorporated.

Cluster Generation

Before sequencing can begin, cluster generation is necessary. Cluster generation involves the amplification of DNA fragments into clusters using a process called bridge amplification. The amplified clusters are then attached to a solid surface, where they can be sequenced.

Sequencing Process

The sequencing process begins with the introduction of a sequencing primer that binds to the template DNA strand. The instrument then introduces a mixture of labeled nucleotides that are complementary to the template strand. The nucleotides are then incorporated into the growing strand, and the instrument detects the fluorescent signal emitted by each nucleotide.

Data Analysis

Once the sequencing is complete, the instrument generates a large amount of data that needs to be analyzed. The data is processed using specialized software that aligns the sequences and identifies any variations or mutations.

Thermofisher Sequencing Instrument

Thermofisher sequencing instruments are one of the most popular life sequencing instruments. They are designed to sequence DNA and RNA with high accuracy, speed, and precision. The thermofisher sequencing instrument uses a proprietary technology called Ion Torrent sequencing. This technology is based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during the DNA synthesis process.

Ion Torrent Sequencing

Ion Torrent sequencing is a unique technology that uses semiconductor sequencing to detect the release of hydrogen ions during DNA synthesis. The instrument detects the hydrogen ions using a pH-sensitive semiconductor chip. The hydrogen ions are generated when a nucleotide is incorporated into the growing DNA strand. The instrument then records the sequence of the nucleotides based on the order in which they were incorporated.

Conclusion

Life sequencing instruments have revolutionized the field of genomics. They have made it possible to sequence DNA and RNA with high accuracy, speed, and precision. The thermofisher sequencing instrument is one of the most popular life sequencing instruments. It uses a unique technology called Ion Torrent sequencing, which is based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during DNA synthesis. With the continued development of life sequencing instruments, we can expect to see even more advancements in the field of genomics in the future.